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#5BAADC;outline-offset:3px;}\n.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;color:#1C2430;background:#FFFFFF;}\n.resource-list{display:grid;gap:.75rem;}\n.resource-item{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:1rem;padding:1rem 1.25rem;background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid #C2D4E6;border-radius:8px;transition:border-color .2s;}\n.resource-item:hover{border-color:#008ED6;}\n.resource-icon{font-size:1.5rem;flex-shrink:0;}\n.resource-item__name{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:600;font-size:.92rem;color:#002147;}\n.resource-item__desc{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:.9rem;color:#636B78;}\n.resource-item__link{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.8rem;font-weight:600;color:#00629A;text-decoration:underline;margin-left:auto;white-space:nowrap;flex-shrink:0;}\n@media(max-width:900px){.about-grid,.contact-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}.footer__grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;}.hero__inner{grid-template-columns:1fr;}.hero__stat-band{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;min-width:0;}}\n@media(max-width:600px){.footer__grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}.cta-band__inner{flex-direction:column;}}\n\n .contact-items{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:2.5rem;margin-top:0;}\n .contact-item{display:flex;gap:.85rem;align-items:flex-start;min-width:220px;}\n .contact-icon{font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1;margin-top:.1rem;flex-shrink:0;}\n .contact-item__label{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.75rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#636B78;margin-bottom:.15rem;}\n .contact-item__val{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:1rem;color:#1C2430;}\n .contact-item__val a{color:#00629A;text-decoration:underline;}\n\n\/* \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n ELEMENTOR CONTAINMENT RESETS\n Prevents Elementor wrapper styles from bleeding into our\n custom HTML content blocks.\n\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n\n\/* Zero out all padding\/margin\/gap\/background on every Elementor wrapper *\/\n.elementor-widget-container,\n.elementor-widget-wrap,\n.elementor-widget-wrap > .elementor-element,\n.elementor-section .elementor-container,\n.elementor-section .elementor-row,\n.e-con,\n.e-con-inner,\n.e-child,\n.e-con > .e-con-inner {\n padding: 0 !important;\n margin: 0 !important;\n gap: 0 !important;\n background: transparent !important;\n background-color: transparent !important;\n background-image: none !important;\n border: none !important;\n box-shadow: none !important;\n max-width: none !important;\n width: 100% !important;\n}\n\n\/* Section-level Elementor wrappers *\/\n.elementor-section,\n.elementor-top-section,\n.elementor-inner-section {\n padding: 0 !important;\n margin: 0 !important;\n background: transparent !important;\n background-color: transparent !important;\n background-image: none !important;\n}\n\n\/* Strip Elementor heading color overrides *\/\n.elementor-widget-container h1,\n.elementor-widget-container h2,\n.elementor-widget-container h3,\n.elementor-widget-container h4,\n.elementor-widget-container h5,\n.elementor-widget-container p,\n.elementor-widget-container a {\n color: inherit !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Dark section hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n .hero and .cta-band.dk MUST stay dark regardless of\n Elementor theme color injection.\n\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.hero,\n.hero * {\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.hero__inner {\n justify-items: center !important;\n text-align: center !important;\n}\n.hero__inner > div {\n display: flex !important;\n flex-direction: column !important;\n align-items: center !important;\n text-align: center !important;\n max-width: 780px !important;\n margin: 0 auto !important;\n}\n.hero__btns {\n justify-content: center !important;\n}\n.hero__desc {\n max-width: 640px !important;\n margin-left: auto !important;\n margin-right: auto !important;\n}\n.hero__tag {\n display: inline-block !important;\n}\n.hero {\n background-color: #00152E !important;\n background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #00152E 0%, #002147 60%, #003366 100%) !important;\n position: relative !important;\n}\n.cta-band.dk {\n background-color: #002147 !important;\n background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #00152E 0%, #002147 100%) !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.cta-band.dk * {\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.cta-band.dk .btn--primary {\n background-color: #00659E !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.cta-band.dk .btn--outline-white {\n border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6) !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Section background hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.sec {\n background-color: #FFFFFF !important;\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n.sec--off {\n background-color: #F3F7FB !important;\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n.sec--surface {\n background-color: #E6EEF6 !important;\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Text color hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.sec .sec-title,\n.sec .sec-eyebrow,\n.sec h2,\n.sec h3 {\n color: #002147 !important;\n}\n.sec p,\n.sec li,\n.sec dd,\n.sec dt {\n color: #4A5060 !important;\n}\n.sec a {\n color: #00629A !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 About section hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.about-facts {\n background: #E6EEF6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n padding: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.5rem) !important;\n}\n.about-facts__title {\n color: #00629A !important;\n font-weight: 700 !important;\n}\n.about-facts dl dt {\n color: #636B78 !important;\n text-transform: uppercase !important;\n font-size: .72rem !important;\n letter-spacing: .08em !important;\n font-weight: 700 !important;\n}\n.about-facts dl dd {\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n font-size: .97rem !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Card hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.card {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n}\n.card__eyebrow { color: #00629A !important; }\n.card__title { color: #002147 !important; }\n.card__text { color: #4A5060 !important; }\n.card__link { color: #00629A !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Faculty card hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.faculty-card {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n}\n.faculty-card__name { color: #002147 !important; }\n.faculty-card__title { color: #636B78 !important; }\n.faculty-card__contact, \n.faculty-card__contact a { color: #00629A !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Resource list hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.resource-item {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-bottom-color: #C2D4E6 !important;\n}\n.resource-item__name { color: #002147 !important; }\n.resource-item__desc { color: #4A5060 !important; }\n.resource-item__link { color: #00629A !important; border-color: #00629A !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Program card hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.program-card {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n.program-card__name { color: #002147 !important; }\n.program-card__level { color: #636B78 !important; }\n.program-card__dot { background: #008ED6 !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Tab hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.tabs__btn {\n background: transparent !important;\n color: #002147 !important;\n border-color: #C2D4E6 !important;\n}\n.tabs__btn[aria-selected=\"true\"] {\n background: #002147 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n border-color: #002147 !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Accordion hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.accordion__trigger {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n color: #002147 !important;\n border-color: #C2D4E6 !important;\n}\n.accordion__trigger[aria-expanded=\"true\"] {\n background: #002147 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.accordion__body { \n background: #FFFFFF !important; \n color: #4A5060 !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Nav drawer hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.fnav-drawer {\n background: #002147 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.fnav-drawer__header {\n background: #00152E !important;\n border-bottom-color: rgba(0,142,214,0.3) !important;\n}\n.fnav-drawer__title { color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.fnav-drawer__eyebrow { color: #3DB4F0 !important; }\n.fnav-item { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85) !important; }\n.fnav-item.is-active,\n.fnav-item:hover { color: #FFFFFF !important; background: rgba(0,142,214,0.2) !important; }\n.fnav-group__label { color: #3DB4F0 !important; }\n.fnav-drawer__footer { color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.fnav-footer-link { color: #FFFFFF !important; text-decoration: none; }\n.fnav-footer-link:hover { color: #3DB4F0 !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Hero text hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.hero__tag { color: #3DB4F0 !important; }\n.hero__title { color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.hero__desc { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85) !important; }\n.hero__btns .btn--primary { background-color: #00659E !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.hero__btns .btn--outline-white { border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6) !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Breadcrumb hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.breadcrumb { background: #002147 !important; }\n.breadcrumb a, .breadcrumb span { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75) !important; }\n.breadcrumb [aria-current=\"page\"] { color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Contact section hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.contact-items { color: #1C2430 !important; }\n.contact-item__label { color: #636B78 !important; }\n.contact-item__val { color: #1C2430 !important; }\n.contact-item__val a { color: #00629A !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Skip link \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.skip-link:focus {\n background: #008ED6 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 BTT button \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.jsu-btt {\n background: #00659E !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Menu toggle \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.fnav-toggle {\n background: #002147 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.fnav-toggle:hover { background: #007ABB !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 WCAG: Ensure minimum contrast on all body text \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\nbody { \n background-color: #FFFFFF !important; \n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n\n\n\/* \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 TICKER STRIP \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n.ticker-wrap{\n background:#00152E;\n border-top:1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.25);\n border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.25);\n overflow:hidden;\n padding:.55rem 0;\n position:relative;\n}\n.ticker-wrap::before,\n.ticker-wrap::after{\n content:'';\n position:absolute;\n top:0;bottom:0;\n width:80px;\n z-index:2;\n pointer-events:none;\n}\n.ticker-wrap::before{\n left:0;\n background:linear-gradient(to right,#00152E,transparent);\n}\n.ticker-wrap::after{\n right:0;\n background:linear-gradient(to left,#00152E,transparent);\n}\n.ticker-label{\n position:absolute;\n left:0;top:50%;\n transform:translateY(-50%);\n background:#008ED6;\n color:#FFFFFF;\n font-family:var(--fh);\n font-size:.65rem;\n font-weight:700;\n letter-spacing:.12em;\n text-transform:uppercase;\n padding:.35rem .75rem;\n z-index:3;\n white-space:nowrap;\n}\n.ticker-track{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:0;\n width:max-content;\n animation:ticker-scroll 40s linear infinite;\n padding-left:160px;\n}\n.ticker-track:hover{animation-play-state:paused;}\n.ticker-item{\n display:inline-flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:.5rem;\n white-space:nowrap;\n padding:0 1.5rem;\n font-family:var(--fh);\n font-size:.78rem;\n font-weight:500;\n color:rgba(255,255,255,.75);\n transition:color .2s;\n text-decoration:none;\n}\n.ticker-item:hover{color:#3DB4F0;}\n.ticker-item::before{\n content:'';\n display:inline-block;\n width:4px;height:4px;\n border-radius:50%;\n background:#008ED6;\n flex-shrink:0;\n}\n@keyframes ticker-scroll{\n 0%{transform:translateX(0);}\n 100%{transform:translateX(-50%);}\n}\n@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){\n .ticker-track{animation:none;overflow-x:auto;}\n}\n\/* \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 HERO CENTERING \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n.hero__inner{\n justify-items:center;\n text-align:center;\n}\n.hero__inner > div{\n display:flex;\n flex-direction:column;\n align-items:center;\n text-align:center;\n max-width:780px;\n margin:0 auto;\n}\n.hero__desc{\n max-width:640px;\n margin-left:auto;\n margin-right:auto;\n}\n.hero__btns{\n justify-content:center;\n}\n\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Visually hidden elements \u2014 explicit colors for accessibility checkers \u2500\u2500 *\/\n.sr-only,\n.visually-hidden {\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n background-color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Screen-reader-only toggle label \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.fnav-toggle__label {\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Skip link always has explicit colors \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.skip-link {\n background-color: #00659E !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Breadcrumb: sit flush below global header \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\nbody {\n padding-top: 65px !important;\n background-color: #002147 !important;\n}\n.breadcrumb {\n margin-top: 0 !important;\n scroll-margin-top: 65px !important;\n}\n#main-content {\n scroll-margin-top: 65px !important;\n}\n.admin-bar body { padding-top: 97px !important; }\n.admin-bar .breadcrumb { scroll-margin-top: 97px !important; }\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Hero: full viewport height \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.hero {\n min-height: 100vh !important;\n height: 100vh !important;\n display: flex !important;\n align-items: center !important;\n justify-content: center !important;\n padding: 0 !important;\n position: relative !important;\n}\n.hero__inner {\n justify-items: center !important;\n text-align: center !important;\n padding: clamp(2rem, 4vh, 5rem) 0 !important;\n width: 100% !important;\n}\n\n\n\/* \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n JSU GLOBAL NAVIGATION \u2014 matches jsums.edu exactly\n\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n.jsu-global-nav {\n position: fixed;\n top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;\n z-index: 1000;\n background: #002147;\n box-shadow: 0 2px 16px rgba(0,0,0,.35);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__top {\n background: #00152E;\n padding: .3rem 0;\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.2);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__top-inner {\n max-width: 1340px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n padding: 0 clamp(1.25rem,4vw,3rem);\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: space-between;\n gap: 1rem;\n flex-wrap: wrap;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__util-links {\n display: flex;\n flex-wrap: wrap;\n gap: .15rem .75rem;\n list-style: none;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__util-links a {\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .68rem;\n font-weight: 500;\n color: rgba(255,255,255,.65);\n text-decoration: none;\n letter-spacing: .02em;\n transition: color .15s;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__util-links a:hover { color: #3DB4F0; }\n.jsu-global-nav__ctas {\n display: flex;\n gap: .4rem;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__cta {\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .72rem;\n font-weight: 700;\n letter-spacing: .05em;\n text-decoration: none;\n padding: .3rem .85rem;\n border-radius: 4px;\n transition: background .15s, color .15s;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--apply {\n background: #00659E;\n color: #FFFFFF;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--apply:hover { background: #007ABB; }\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--visit {\n background: transparent;\n color: rgba(255,255,255,.8);\n border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--visit:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); color: #FFFFFF; }\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--give {\n background: #3DB4F0;\n color: #002147;\n font-weight: 800;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--give:hover { background: #6DC8F5; }\n\n.jsu-global-nav__main {\n max-width: 1340px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n padding: 0 clamp(1.25rem,4vw,3rem);\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: space-between;\n height: 64px;\n gap: 1.5rem;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__logo {\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: .65rem;\n text-decoration: none;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__logo-mark {\n width: 44px;\n height: 44px;\n border-radius: 6px;\n background: #FFFFFF;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__logo-mark span {\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-weight: 900;\n font-size: 1.05rem;\n color: #002147;\n letter-spacing: -.03em;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__logo-text { line-height: 1.15; }\n.jsu-global-nav__logo-text strong {\n display: block;\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-weight: 800;\n font-size: .88rem;\n color: #FFFFFF;\n letter-spacing: .01em;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__logo-text span {\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .62rem;\n font-weight: 500;\n letter-spacing: .14em;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n color: #3DB4F0;\n}\n\n.jsu-global-nav__menu {\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 0;\n list-style: none;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li {\n position: relative;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > a,\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > button {\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: .3rem;\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .82rem;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: rgba(255,255,255,.85);\n text-decoration: none;\n padding: .55rem .75rem;\n border-radius: 6px;\n background: none;\n border: none;\n cursor: pointer;\n transition: color .15s, background .15s;\n white-space: nowrap;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > a:hover,\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > button:hover {\n color: #FFFFFF;\n background: rgba(255,255,255,.08);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > a::after,\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > button.has-sub::after {\n content: '';\n display: inline-block;\n width: 0; height: 0;\n border-left: 4px solid transparent;\n border-right: 4px solid transparent;\n border-top: 4px solid currentColor;\n opacity: .6;\n margin-left: .2rem;\n transition: transform .2s;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li:hover > button.has-sub::after,\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li:focus-within > button.has-sub::after {\n transform: rotate(180deg);\n}\n\n\/* Dropdowns *\/\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown {\n position: absolute;\n top: calc(100% + 4px);\n left: 0;\n min-width: 220px;\n background: #001736;\n border: 1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.25);\n border-radius: 8px;\n box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.4);\n padding: .5rem 0;\n opacity: 0;\n visibility: hidden;\n transform: translateY(-8px);\n transition: opacity .2s, visibility .2s, transform .2s;\n z-index: 100;\n list-style: none;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li:hover .jsu-global-nav__dropdown,\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li:focus-within .jsu-global-nav__dropdown {\n opacity: 1;\n visibility: visible;\n transform: translateY(0);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown a {\n display: block;\n padding: .5rem 1.1rem;\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .82rem;\n font-weight: 500;\n color: rgba(255,255,255,.8);\n text-decoration: none;\n transition: color .15s, background .15s;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown a:hover {\n color: #FFFFFF;\n background: rgba(0,142,214,.15);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown .drop-group-label {\n display: block;\n padding: .65rem 1.1rem .25rem;\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .65rem;\n font-weight: 700;\n letter-spacing: .12em;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n color: #3DB4F0;\n border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.2);\n margin-top: .35rem;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown .drop-group-label:first-child {\n border-top: none;\n margin-top: 0;\n}\n\n\/* Mobile menu toggle *\/\n.jsu-global-nav__mob-btn {\n display: none;\n background: none;\n border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3);\n border-radius: 6px;\n color: #FFFFFF;\n padding: .45rem .65rem;\n cursor: pointer;\n font-size: 1.15rem;\n line-height: 1;\n transition: background .15s;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__mob-btn:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.1); }\n\n\/* Page body offset for fixed nav *\/\nbody { padding-top: 0 !important; }\n.breadcrumb {\n margin-top: 104px !important; }\n.admin-bar .breadcrumb {\n margin-top: 136px !important; }\n#main-content { scroll-margin-top: 104px !important; }\n\n\/* Sections scroll past nav *\/\n[id] { scroll-margin-top: 104px; }\n\n@media(max-width: 1024px) {\n .jsu-global-nav__menu { display: none; }\n .jsu-global-nav__mob-btn { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }\n}\n@media(max-width: 600px) {\n .jsu-global-nav__logo-text { display: none; }\n}\n\n\n\/* \u2550\u2550 PDF \/ Document Inline Viewer \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n.doc-embed-wrap {\n margin: 1.25rem 0;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6;\n border-radius: 10px;\n overflow: hidden;\n background: #F3F7FB;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar {\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: space-between;\n padding: .6rem 1rem;\n background: #002147;\n gap: .75rem;\n flex-wrap: wrap;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__title {\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .82rem;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: #FFFFFF;\n flex: 1;\n min-width: 0;\n white-space: nowrap;\n overflow: hidden;\n text-overflow: ellipsis;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__actions {\n display: flex;\n gap: .4rem;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn {\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .72rem;\n font-weight: 700;\n letter-spacing: .04em;\n padding: .3rem .75rem;\n border-radius: 5px;\n text-decoration: none;\n transition: background .15s, color .15s;\n white-space: nowrap;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn--view {\n background: #00659E;\n color: #FFFFFF;\n border: 1px solid #008ED6;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn--view:hover { background: #007ABB; }\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn--dl {\n background: rgba(255,255,255,.12);\n color: rgba(255,255,255,.9);\n border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25);\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn--dl:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.2); color: #FFFFFF; }\n.doc-embed-frame {\n width: 100%;\n height: 560px;\n border: none;\n display: block;\n background: #FFFFFF;\n}\n@media(max-width:600px){ .doc-embed-frame { height: 380px; } }\n\n\n.pdf-embed-wrap{border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 2px 16px rgba(0,21,46,.1);margin:1.5rem 0;}\n.pdf-embed-header{background:#002147;padding:.75rem 1.25rem;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;flex-wrap:wrap;}\n.pdf-embed-title{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:700;font-size:.88rem;color:#FFFFFF;}\n.pdf-embed-actions{display:flex;gap:.5rem;flex-wrap:wrap;}\n.pdf-btn{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.75rem;font-weight:600;padding:.35rem .85rem;border-radius:4px;text-decoration:none;transition:background .15s;white-space:nowrap;}\n.pdf-btn--view{background:rgba(255,255,255,.15);color:#FFFFFF;}\n.pdf-btn--view:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.25);}\n.pdf-btn--dl{background:#00659E;color:#FFFFFF;}\n.pdf-btn--dl:hover{background:#007ABB;}\n.pdf-embed-frame{display:block;background:#F3F7FB;width:100%;border:1px solid #C2D4E6;border-radius:0 0 8px 8px;}\n\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Card component \u2014 grid, spacing, typography \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n Base template ships .card* color hardening but no layout\n rules. All hex literal. No CSS variables. \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.cards-grid {\n display: grid !important;\n grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)) !important;\n gap: 1.25rem !important;\n align-items: stretch !important;\n}\n.card {\n display: flex !important; flex-direction: column !important;\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-top: 3px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n overflow: hidden !important;\n transition: border-color .2s, box-shadow .2s, transform .2s !important;\n}\n.card:hover {\n border-top-color: #008ED6 !important;\n box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,33,71,.09) !important;\n transform: translateY(-2px) !important;\n}\n.card__body { display: flex !important; flex-direction: column !important;\n flex: 1 1 auto !important; padding: 1.65rem 1.6rem 1.75rem !important; }\n.card__eyebrow {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: .7rem !important; font-weight: 700 !important;\n letter-spacing: .1em !important; text-transform: uppercase !important;\n line-height: 1.4 !important; color: #00629A !important; margin: 0 0 .7rem !important;\n}\n.card__title {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: 1.08rem !important; font-weight: 700 !important;\n line-height: 1.35 !important; color: #002147 !important; margin: 0 0 .65rem !important;\n}\n.card__text {\n font-family: 'Crimson Pro', Georgia, serif !important;\n font-size: 1rem !important; line-height: 1.65 !important;\n color: #4A5060 !important; margin: 0 !important;\n}\n.card__link {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: .8rem !important; font-weight: 600 !important;\n color: #00629A !important; text-decoration: underline !important;\n text-underline-offset: 3px !important; align-self: flex-start !important;\n margin-top: auto !important; padding-top: 1.15rem !important;\n}\n.card__link:hover { color: #002147 !important; }\n.about-body p a { color: #00629A !important; text-decoration: underline !important; text-underline-offset: 2px !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Course catalogue list \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.course-list { list-style: none !important; padding: 0 !important; margin: 0 !important;\n display: grid !important; gap: 1rem !important; }\n.course {\n padding: 1.35rem 1.5rem 1.45rem !important;\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-left: 3px solid #008ED6 !important;\n border-radius: 6px !important;\n}\n.course__code {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: 1rem !important; font-weight: 700 !important;\n color: #002147 !important; line-height: 1.35 !important; margin: 0 0 .35rem !important;\n}\n.course__meta {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: .76rem !important; font-weight: 600 !important;\n letter-spacing: .03em !important; color: #636B78 !important;\n margin: 0 0 .7rem !important; line-height: 1.6 !important;\n}\n.course__desc {\n font-family: 'Crimson Pro', Georgia, serif !important;\n font-size: 1rem !important; line-height: 1.65 !important;\n color: #4A5060 !important; margin: 0 !important;\n}\n\n\/* Photo figure *\/\n.photo-fig { margin: 0 !important; border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 14px !important; overflow: hidden !important; background: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.photo-fig img { width: 100% !important; height: auto !important; display: block !important; }\n.photo-cap { font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important; font-size: .8rem !important;\n color: #636B78 !important; padding: .75rem 1rem !important;\n background: #F3F7FB !important; border-top: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important; }\n\n@media (max-width: 640px) {\n .cards-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr !important; }\n .card__body { padding: 1.35rem 1.3rem 1.45rem !important; }\n .course { padding: 1.15rem 1.2rem 1.25rem !important; }\n}\n<\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<a href=\"#main-content\" class=\"skip-link\">Skip to main content<\/a>\n\n<nav class=\"breadcrumb\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">\n<div class=\"w\"><ol class=\"breadcrumb__list\">\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/\">JSU Home<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/business\">College of Business<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/\">Business Graduate Program<\/a><\/li>\n <li><span aria-current=\"page\">MBA & MPA Course Descriptions<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/nav>\n\n<main id=\"main-content\" class=\"jsu-main-content\">\n\n \n <section class=\"hero dk\" aria-labelledby=\"hero-h\">\n <div class=\"w\"><div class=\"hero__inner\"><div>\n <span class=\"hero__tag\">BUSINESS GRADUATE PROGRAMS — COLLEGE OF BUSINESS<\/span>\n <h1 class=\"hero__title\" id=\"hero-h\">\n MBA & MPA Course <em>Descriptions<\/em>\n <\/h1>\n <p class=\"hero__desc\">\n Graduate course descriptions in accounting, economics, finance, marketing and management\n for the MBA and MPA programs.\n <\/p>\n <div class=\"hero__btns\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/apply\/\" class=\"btn btn--primary\">Apply<\/a>\n <a href=\"#contact\" class=\"btn btn--outline-white\">Contact Us<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec\" id=\"overview\" aria-labelledby=\"overview-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"about-grid\">\n <div class=\"about-body\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">Business Graduate Program<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"overview-h\">MBA & MPA Course Descriptions<\/h2>\n <p>\n The Business Graduate Programs unit administers all graduate degree programs offered by\n the College of Business: the Master of Business Administration (MBA), the MBA On-line,\n the Master of Professional Accountancy (MPA), the MPA Online, and the Ph.D. Program in\n Business, Accounting, Economics, and Management.\n <\/p>\n <p>\n Course descriptions below are grouped by discipline: accounting, economics, finance,\n marketing and management.\n <\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"about-facts\">\n <dl>\n <div><dt>Programs<\/dt><dd>MBA, MBA On-line, MPA, MPA Online, Ph.D. in Business<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Disciplines<\/dt><dd>Accounting, Economics, Finance, Marketing, Management<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Courses Listed<\/dt><dd>40<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Credit Hours<\/dt><dd>3 hours per course<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Director<\/dt><dd>Dr. Mark Morgan<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Program Coordinator<\/dt><dd>Ms. Deborah Haymon<\/dd><\/div>\n <\/dl>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec sec--off\" id=\"accounting\" aria-labelledby=\"accounting-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"accounting-h\">Accounting<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">12 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 536: Advanced and International Accounting<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 315.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of advanced accounting issues concerning partnerships, consolidations, international operations, and International Financial Reporting Standards. Not open to those who completed ACC 436 at the undergraduate level.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 540: Advanced Managerial Accounting<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of managerial uses of accounting information and trends in internal accounting functions.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 541: Advanced Accounting Theory<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 315.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A brief historical development of accounting thought followed by an intensive investigation of the theoretical framework on which accounting principles and procedures rest.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 545: Financial Statement Analysis<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course offers a study of the tools and techniques utilized to analyze financial positions, results of operations, and cash flows as reported in corporate annual reports.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 557: Seminar in Attestation<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 315, 455.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study and refinement of generally accepted auditing standards, procedures and extension of auditing procedures; study of special investigations and audit reports; review of recent auditing trends, research, and pronouncements.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 561: CPA Review<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 315.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Review of selected topics as tested on the Uniform CPA Examination.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 565: Seminar in Governmental and Not for Profit Accounting<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A study of generally accepted accounting principles of state and local governments and selected nonprofit entities with an emphasis on current developments in these areas.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 573: Advanced Income Tax Accounting<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 423<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of federal and state income tax laws for fiduciaries, partnerships, and corporations utilizing modern research technology. Not open to those who completed ACC 473 at the undergraduate level.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 575: Research in Taxation<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 423.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of selected tax issues and the application of tax research methodology. Topics include the tax research environment, primary and secondary sources of federal tax law, and implementing tax research tools.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 581: Special Topics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212, and consent of the Instructor.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Directed study of contemporary topics in accounting practice.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 583: Seminar in International Accountancy<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course offers a study of GAAP, GAAS and professional accountancy in a global contest. Topics include diversity in reporting practices, International Financial Reporting Standards, and emerging issues.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 592: Accounting Information Systems<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 314.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of theory and practice as applied to accounting information systems. The course examines the process for purchasing or designing accounting systems and a variety of topics dealing with the role of technology in building, implementing, controlling, and auditing accounting information systems. A secondary goal of the course is to help students become more comfortable using computer-based tools including e-mail, accounting software and the World Wide Web. Not open to those who completed ACC 492 at the undergraduate level.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec\" id=\"economics\" aria-labelledby=\"economics-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"economics-h\">Economics<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">12 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 500: Environmental Economics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course is concerned with a theoretical framework for the analysis of environmental problems, including concepts of market failure and externalities, materials balance and property rights. The policy implications of this analytical model are explored for a range of topics including pollution and the preservation of natural environmental species. It also explores the effects of economic growth on the environment to include the interrelationships between the economics activity and the environment. Cost benefit analysis, and the application of the economic theory of external economies and diseconomies and welfare economics are applied to problems of the physical and socioeconomic environment.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 511 Macroeconomic Theory<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Macroeconomic concepts relating to the theory of income and employment. Analysis of changes in the level of economic activity, economic growth and inflation.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 512 Microeconomic Theory<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Detailed analysis of traditional microeconomic theory, including consumer behavior theories, theories of production, cost curves, market structure and factor price determination.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 514 Manpower Problems<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">The development of the economic conditions which prevent different groups of people from acquiring marketable skills. The impact of the people from acquiring marketable skills. The impact of the unemployables on the free enterprise system and a survey of federal legislation designed to eliminate the economic conditions which prevent these groups of people from entering the labor markets.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 516 History of Economic Thought<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Development of the analytical tools and concepts which comprise economic theory with special emphasis on the contributions of the classical economists, Marginalists, Neoclassicists, Institutionalist and Keynes.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 530 Managerial Economics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Economic tools of analysis in the operation of a business; applied microeconomic, to solve selected business problems and to aid decision making in business problems and to aid decision making in business firms and other organizations.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 540 Monetary Theory<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">An examination of monetary theories. A discussion of the quantity theory, the demand for money, the velocity of money, interest rate theory, and the flow of money among the various sectors of the economy.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 541 Monetary Policy<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A detailed analysis of neoclassical theories of central banking, debt management, and financial intermediaries and their impact on the level of employment, prices and economic growth. The development of appropriate monetary policy over the course of the business cycles. A discussion of current issues concerning monetary policy.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 544 Public Finance<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">An economic analysis of government expenditures and receipts; the pricing of government services to the public. The economic impact of government expenditures and taxation on the level of income, employment, economic growth and the allocation of scarce resources.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 546 International Economics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A development of the classical, neoclassical and modern theories of international trade and the economic benefits derived. The impact of international trade on the economics of the world and the formulation of the appropriate international trade policy.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 556 Urban Economics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A detailed economic analysis of the major economic problems facing the government of our central cities, such as, transportation, the flight to the suburbs by high income groups, education, housing, and taxation. A survey of the different theories and ideologies on the part of economists, government officials, business leaders, and politician as to how the problems of our cities can best be solved.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 570 Economics Seminar<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Guided individual research in current economic problems, including research methodology.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec sec--off\" id=\"finance\" aria-labelledby=\"finance-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"finance-h\">Finance<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">4 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">FIN 503 Environmental Concepts in Business Administration<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours) Pre-requisites: FNGB 201, 302, MNGT 330 or equivalent<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">An analysis of environmental factors relating to the business organization including labor, government, public ethics, and international forces.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">FIN 504 Legal Environment of Business<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours) Pre-requisites : FNGB 201 and\/or 302 or equivalent<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">The operation of the business organization in studies relative to the legal aspects of its operational environment.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">FIN 515 Managerial Finance<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: FNGB 320 or equivalent<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A study of capital budgeting techniques, methods of determining a firm’s cost of capital, valuing stocks and bonds, and international finance.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">FIN 561 Seminar in Business Administration and Research Project<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: 18 hours of MBA course work.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Requirement: Supervised individual research relative to the student’s research project required for completion of the degree program.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec\" id=\"marketing\" aria-labelledby=\"marketing-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"marketing-h\">Marketing<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">6 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 530 Managerial Marketing<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: MKT 351, ECO 357,358, ACC 211, and 212, and ECO 211, 212 or equivalent.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Integration of the concepts of marketing with decision-making relative to marketing management situations.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 531 Special Problems in Marketing<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530 or equivalent.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Advanced study of marketing theories with emphasis upon quantitative techniques applied to marketing problems.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 532 Advertising<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Is an advanced advertising coursed in the Field of Marketing. This course is designed to introduce the student to the advertising decision areas: Advertising Objectives, Advertising Copy and Design, Advertising Media, Media Vehicles and Schedules, Advertising Budget and Advertising Campaigns.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 538 Marketing Research<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of Scientific Methodology and major techniques used to design, collect and analyze research data pertaining to marketing problems. Students are responsible for designing a marketing research project, developing a questionnaire, collecting data, computer analyzing the data, via cross tabulating and other univariate and multivariate techniques, and preparation of a final report. Students will also be responsible for evaluating and assessing current published marketing research projects.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 540 Consumer Behavior<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course is designed to introduce the student to “The State of the Art” in buyer research and theory. Contemporary issues such as Consumerism (E. G. Consumer Behavior, Regulation and Consumer Liabilities, redress, etc); Black Buyer Behavior; Regulation and Consumer Behavior; and Consumer Thought Processes (e.g, perceptions, attitudes, cognitions, conations, opinions, interest, intentions and pre and post purchase behaviors) will be the major focal areas for this course.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 566 International Marketing<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of the similarities and differences between domestic marketing and international marketing, an examination of strategic international marketing for developing a complete marketing plan for a product and a country of their choice.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec sec--off\" id=\"management\" aria-labelledby=\"management-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"management-h\">Management<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">6 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 502 Human Relations and Organizational Behavior<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MNGT 330 or equivalent.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of organizational theory, group behavior, motivation, and systems applications to organizational management.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 511 Computer Applications in Management<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours)<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Survey of the use of the computer as a tool for decision making, communication, and research. This course will include the use of the computer as a support for all business activities: word processing, database, spreadsheet, graphics, electronic mail, Internet, World Wide Web, and Internet.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 516 Statistics for Business Decisions<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours) Pre-requisites: MATH 221 and ECO 359 or equivalent.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of data collection, presentation, and analysis including interval estimation, hypothesis testing, Bayesian analysis, regression, and correction techniques.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 520 Advanced Production Management<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours)<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Planning, organizing, and controlling production with emphasis upon contemporary quantitative techniques and their applications.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 555 Business and Ethics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours)<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">The task of business ethics in the systematic study of ethical values that ought to guide human conduct; the study of what constitutes the obligations and responsibilities of agents and institutions; the examination of predictable outcomes in human costs and benefits; the study of character traits or dispositions-all in the interest of promoting human welfare.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 560 Business Policy<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours)<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course is to be taken after the student has completed at least 18 hours in the MBA Program. Business Policy is an interdisciplinary capstone courses which focuses on all aspects of business.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec\" id=\"resources\" aria-labelledby=\"resources-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">Resources<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"resources-h\">Curriculum and admissions<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-list\">\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📚<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">MBA Curriculum<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">Degree requirements for the MBA.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/mba-curriculum-2\/\" class=\"resource-item__link\">View →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📚<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">MPA Curriculum<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">Degree requirements for the Master of Professional Accountancy.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/mpa-curriculum\/\" class=\"resource-item__link\">View →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">🎓<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">Doctoral<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">Ph.D. Program in Business, Accounting, Economics, and Management.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/\" class=\"resource-item__link\">View →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">🏫<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">Graduate Studies<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">The Division of Graduate Studies at JSU.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/graduateschool\" class=\"resource-item__link\">Visit →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📜<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">Graduate Catalog<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">The official university graduate catalog.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/graduateschool\/graduate-catalog\/\" class=\"resource-item__link\">Open →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📍<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">Visit<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">Schedule a campus tour.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/futuretiger.jsums.edu\/tourpicker.asp\" class=\"resource-item__link\">Book →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"cta-band dk\" aria-labelledby=\"cta-h\">\n <div class=\"w\"><div class=\"cta-band__inner\">\n <div>\n <h2 class=\"cta-band__title\" id=\"cta-h\">Ready to join?<\/h2>\n <p class=\"cta-band__sub\">For more information, please contact us at (601) 979- 1210. We look forward to meeting with you and seeing how our program can help you achieve your goals.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"cta-band__btns\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/apply\/\" class=\"btn btn--primary\">Apply<\/a>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/futuretiger.jsums.edu\/tourpicker.asp\" class=\"btn btn--outline-white\">Visit<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div><\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec sec--surface\" id=\"contact\" aria-labelledby=\"contact-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\" style=\"margin-bottom:1.5rem;\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">Get in Touch<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"contact-h\">Business Graduate Programs<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-items\">\n <div class=\"contact-item\">\n <div class=\"contact-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📍<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__label\">Location<\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__val\">\n Business Graduate Programs<br>\n College of Business<br>\n Suite 531, 3rd Floor<br>\n 1400 J. R. Lynch Street<br>\n P. O. Box 17067<br>\n Jackson, MS 39217\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item\">\n <div class=\"contact-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">👤<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__label\">Director<\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__val\">\n Dr. Mark Morgan<br>\n <a href=\"tel:+16019794326\">601-979-4326<\/a><br>\n <a href=\"mailto:mark.i.morgan@jsums.edu\">mark.i.morgan@jsums.edu<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item\">\n <div class=\"contact-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">👤<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__label\">Program Coordinator<\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__val\">\n Ms. Deborah Haymon<br>\n <a href=\"tel:+16019791210\">601-979-1210<\/a><br>\n <a href=\"mailto:deborah.haymon@jsums.edu\">deborah.haymon@jsums.edu<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item\">\n <div class=\"contact-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📞<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__label\">Contact<\/div>\n <div 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aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Welcome<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">MBA & MPA Programs<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/mba-curriculum-2\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">MBA Curriculum<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/mpa-curriculum\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">MPA Curriculum<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li 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href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/graduate-business-core\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Graduate Business Core<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/doctoral-curriculum\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Doctoral Curriculum<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/2nd-doctoral-concentration\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">2nd Doctoral Concentration<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li 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.75rem;margin-bottom:1rem;}\n.hero__title{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:800;font-size:clamp(1.9rem,4.5vw,3.4rem);line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-.025em;color:#FFFFFF;margin-bottom:.85rem;}\n.hero__title em{font-family:var(--fb);font-style:italic;color:#3DB4F0;}\n.hero__desc{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:clamp(1rem,1.8vw,1.2rem);line-height:1.65;color:#C0C8D4;max-width:620px;margin-bottom:1.75rem;}\n.hero__btns{display:flex;gap:.75rem;flex-wrap:wrap;}\n.hero__stat-band{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:1.5rem;padding:1.5rem;background:rgba(255,255,255,.05);border:1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.2);border-radius:8px;min-width:180px;}\n.hero__stat{text-align:center;}\n.hero__stat-num{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:2rem;font-weight:800;color:#3DB4F0;line-height:1;}\n.hero__stat-lbl{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.7rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#96A0AE;margin-top:.3rem;}\n.hero__stat+.hero__stat{border-top:1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.2);padding-top:1.5rem;}\n.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.45rem;font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:600;font-size:.88rem;letter-spacing:.02em;padding:.7rem 1.4rem;border-radius:8px;border:2px solid transparent;cursor:pointer;transition:background .2s,color .2s,border-color .2s,transform .15s;text-decoration:none;line-height:1.2;}\n.btn:active{transform:scale(.98);}\n.btn--primary{background:#00659E;color:#FFFFFF;border-color:#008ED6;}\n.btn--primary:hover{background:#007ABB;border-color:#007ABB;}\n.btn--outline-white{background:transparent;color:#FFFFFF;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.5);}\n.btn--outline-white:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);border-color:#FFFFFF;}\n.btn--outline-navy{background:transparent;color:#002147;border-color:#002147;}\n.btn--outline-navy:hover{background:#002147;color:#FFFFFF;}\n.sec{padding:clamp(3.5rem,7vw,5.5rem) 0;}\n.sec--off{background:#F3F7FB;}\n.sec--navy{background:#002147;}\n.sec--deep{background:#00152E;}\n.sec--surface{background:#E6EEF6;}\n.sec-eyebrow{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#00629A;display:block;margin-bottom:.6rem;}\n.sec--navy .sec-eyebrow,.sec--deep .sec-eyebrow{color:#3DB4F0;}\n.sec-title{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:800;font-size:clamp(1.7rem,3.2vw,2.6rem);line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-.022em;color:#002147;margin-bottom:.75rem;}\n.sec--navy .sec-title,.sec--deep .sec-title{color:#FFFFFF;}\n.sec-body{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:1.1rem;color:#4A5060;max-width:680px;line-height:1.75;}\n.sec--navy .sec-body{color:#C0C8D4;}\n.sec-head{margin-bottom:clamp(2rem,3.5vw,3.5rem);}\n.sec-head--center{text-align:center;}\n.sec-head--center .sec-body{margin:0 auto;}\n.about-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:clamp(2rem,4vw,4rem);align-items:start;}\n.about-body p{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:1.1rem;color:#4A5060;line-height:1.8;margin-bottom:1.1rem;}\n.about-facts{background:#E6EEF6;border-radius:8px;padding:2rem;}\n.about-facts__title{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#00629A;margin-bottom:1.25rem;}\n.about-facts dl{display:grid;gap:.85rem;}\n.about-facts dt{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.78rem;font-weight:700;color:#636B78;letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase;}\n.about-facts dd{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:1rem;color:#1C2430;margin-left:0;padding-left:.75rem;border-left:2px solid #008ED6;}\n.tabs__list{display:flex;gap:.25rem;border-bottom:2px solid #C2D4E6;margin-bottom:2rem;flex-wrap:wrap;}\n.tabs__btn{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:600;font-size:.88rem;color:#4A5060;background:none;border:none;padding:.7rem 1.25rem;cursor:pointer;border-bottom:3px solid transparent;margin-bottom:-2px;border-radius:6px 6px 0 0;transition:color .15s,background .15s,border-color .15s;}\n.tabs__btn:hover{color:#002147;background:#E6EEF6;}\n.tabs__btn[aria-selected=\"true\"]{color:#002147;border-bottom-color:#008ED6;background:#F3F7FB;}\n.tabs__panel{display:none;}\n.tabs__panel.is-active{display:block;}\n.program-list{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(280px,1fr));gap:1rem;}\n.program-card{background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid #C2D4E6;border-radius:8px;padding:1.25rem 1.5rem;display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:.85rem;transition:border-color .2s,box-shadow .2s;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;}\n.program-card:hover{border-color:#008ED6;box-shadow:0 4px 20px rgba(0,142,214,.1);}\n.program-card__dot{width:8px;height:8px;border-radius:50%;background:#008ED6;margin-top:.55rem;flex-shrink:0;}\n.program-card__name{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.92rem;font-weight:600;color:#002147;margin-bottom:.2rem;}\n.program-card__level{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.72rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#636B78;}\n.accordion{border:1px solid #C2D4E6;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;}\n.accordion+.accordion{margin-top:.75rem;}\n.accordion__trigger{width:100%;text-align:left;background:#FFFFFF;border:none;padding:1.1rem 1.5rem;font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:600;font-size:.95rem;color:#002147;cursor:pointer;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:1rem;transition:background .15s;}\n.accordion__trigger:hover{background:#F3F7FB;}\n.accordion__trigger[aria-expanded=\"true\"]{background:#002147;color:#FFFFFF;}\n.accordion__icon{width:20px;height:20px;border-radius:50%;background:#E6EEF6;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-size:14px;flex-shrink:0;transition:background .15s,transform .3s;}\n.accordion__trigger[aria-expanded=\"true\"] .accordion__icon{background:rgba(255,255,255,.15);color:#FFFFFF;transform:rotate(180deg);}\n.accordion__body{display:none;padding:1.5rem;background:#F3F7FB;border-top:1px solid #C2D4E6;font-family:var(--fb);font-size:1.05rem;color:#4A5060;line-height:1.75;}\n.accordion__body.is-open{display:block;}\n.accordion__body p+p{margin-top:.85rem;}\n.accordion__body ul{list-style:disc;padding-left:1.5rem;margin-top:.75rem;}\n.accordion__body li{margin-bottom:.35rem;}\n.faculty-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(260px,1fr));gap:1.25rem;}\n.faculty-card{background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid #C2D4E6;border-radius:8px;padding:1.5rem;}\n.faculty-card__name{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:700;font-size:1rem;color:#002147;margin-bottom:.2rem;}\n.faculty-card__title{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.8rem;color:#00629A;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:.5rem;}\n.faculty-card__contact{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.78rem;color:#636B78;}\n.faculty-card__contact a{color:#00629A;text-decoration:underline;}\n.cta-band{background:#00152E;padding:clamp(3rem,6vw,5rem) 0;}\n.cta-band__inner{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:2rem;flex-wrap:wrap;}\n.cta-band__title{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:800;font-size:clamp(1.5rem,3vw,2.2rem);color:#FFFFFF;line-height:1.15;margin-bottom:.5rem;}\n.cta-band__sub{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:1.1rem;color:#C0C8D4;}\n.cta-band__btns{display:flex;gap:.75rem;flex-wrap:wrap;flex-shrink:0;}\n.contact-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:3rem;align-items:start;}\n.contact-info__title{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:700;font-size:1.2rem;color:#002147;margin-bottom:1.25rem;}\n.contact-item{display:flex;gap:.85rem;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:1.1rem;}\n.contact-icon{font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1;margin-top:.1rem;flex-shrink:0;}\n.contact-item__label{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.75rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#636B78;margin-bottom:.15rem;}\n.contact-item__val{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:1rem;color:#1C2430;}\n.contact-item__val a{color:#00629A;text-decoration:underline;}\n.form-group{margin-bottom:1.25rem;}\n.form-label{display:block;font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:600;font-size:.85rem;color:#1C2430;margin-bottom:.4rem;}\n.required{color:#C62828;}\n.form-control{display:block;width:100%;font-family:var(--fb);font-size:1rem;color:#1C2430;background:#FFFFFF;border:1.5px solid #C2D4E6;border-radius:8px;padding:.65rem .9rem;transition:border-color .2s;}\n.form-control:focus{outline:none;border-color:#008ED6;box-shadow:0 0 0 3px rgba(0,142,214,.15);}\ntextarea.form-control{min-height:120px;resize:vertical;}\n.form-control.is-error{border-color:#C62828;}\n.form-error{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.8rem;color:#C62828;margin-top:.3rem;display:none;}\n.form-error.is-visible{display:block;}\n.form-status{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.9rem;padding:.85rem 1.1rem;border-radius:8px;margin-bottom:1rem;display:none;}\n.form-status.is-ok{display:block;background:#F0FFF1;color:#2E7D32;border:1px solid #a5d6a7;}\n.form-status.is-err{display:block;background:#FFF0F0;color:#C62828;border:1px solid #ef9a9a;}\n.site-footer{background:#00152E;padding:clamp(3rem,6vw,5rem) 0 2rem;}\n.footer__grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.5fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:2.5rem;margin-bottom:3rem;}\n.footer__brand-name{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:800;font-size:1.1rem;color:#FFFFFF;margin-bottom:.35rem;}\n.footer__brand-sub{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.82rem;color:#C0C8D4;margin-bottom:.85rem;}\n.footer__brand-contact{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:.95rem;color:#96A0AE;line-height:1.8;}\n.footer__brand-contact a{color:#3DB4F0;text-decoration:underline;}\n.footer__col-title{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.7rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#96A0AE;margin-bottom:.85rem;}\n.site-footer nav ul{display:grid;gap:.5rem;}\n.site-footer nav a{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.85rem;color:#C0C8D4;transition:color .15s;}\n.site-footer nav a:hover{color:#FFFFFF;}\n.footer__legal{border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);padding-top:1.5rem;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1rem;}\n.footer__legal p{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.78rem;color:#96A0AE;}\n.footer__legal-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1rem;}\n.footer__legal-links a{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.78rem;color:#96A0AE;text-decoration:underline;}\n.footer__legal-links a:hover{color:#FFFFFF;}\n.fnav-toggle{position:fixed;right:0;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%) translateX(0);z-index:500;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:.25rem;background:#002147;color:#FFFFFF;border:none;border-radius:6px 0 0 6px;padding:.9rem .55rem;cursor:pointer;box-shadow:-2px 0 12px rgba(0,21,46,.35);opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(-50%) translateX(100%);transition:opacity .3s ease,visibility .3s ease,transform .3s ease,background .15s;}.fnav-toggle.is-visible{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(-50%) translateX(0);}.fnav-toggle:hover{background:#007ABB;}.fnav-toggle__icon{font-size:1rem;line-height:1;display:block;}.fnav-toggle__label{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.55rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;writing-mode:vertical-rl;text-orientation:mixed;transform:rotate(180deg);margin-top:.3rem;color:#FFFFFF;}\n.fnav-overlay{position:fixed;inset:0;background:rgba(0,21,46,.55);z-index:600;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:opacity .3s,visibility .3s;}\n.fnav-overlay.is-open{opacity:1;visibility:visible;}\n.fnav-drawer{position:fixed;top:0;right:-340px;width:320px;max-width:90vw;height:100%;background:#FFFFFF;z-index:700;display:flex;flex-direction:column;box-shadow:-4px 0 40px rgba(0,21,46,.25);transition:right .35s cubic-bezier(0.22,1,0.36,1);}\n.fnav-drawer.is-open{right:0;}\n.fnav-drawer__header{background:#002147;padding:1.25rem 1.5rem;display:flex;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;flex-shrink:0;}\n.fnav-drawer__eyebrow{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.65rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#3DB4F0;display:block;margin-bottom:.2rem;}\n.fnav-drawer__title{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.95rem;font-weight:700;color:#FFFFFF;display:block;}\n.fnav-close{background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);border:none;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:1.4rem;width:32px;height:32px;border-radius:50%;cursor:pointer;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-shrink:0;transition:background .15s;}\n.fnav-close:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.2);}\n.fnav-drawer__body{flex:1;overflow-y:auto;padding:1.5rem;}\n.fnav-group__label{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.65rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#636B78;display:block;margin-bottom:.75rem;}\n.fnav-group__items{display:grid;gap:.2rem;}\n.fnav-item{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.75rem;padding:.65rem .75rem;border-radius:8px;font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.88rem;font-weight:500;color:#4A5060;transition:background .15s,color .15s;}\n.fnav-item:hover{background:#E6EEF6;color:#002147;}\n.fnav-item.is-active{background:#EBF6FD;color:#00629A;font-weight:600;}\n.fnav-item__dot{width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:50%;background:#C2D4E6;flex-shrink:0;transition:background .15s;}\n.fnav-item.is-active .fnav-item__dot{background:#008ED6;}\n.fnav-drawer__footer{color:#FFFFFF !important;border-top:1px solid #C2D4E6;padding:1rem 1.5rem;flex-shrink:0;}\n.fnav-footer-link{color:#FFFFFF !important;text-decoration:none;font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.82rem;font-weight:600;color:#00629A;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px;}\n.jsu-btt{position:fixed;bottom:28px;right:28px;z-index:900;background:#008ED6;border:none;border-radius:50%;width:44px;height:44px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;cursor:pointer;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:22px;line-height:1;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(10px);transition:opacity .25s,visibility .25s,transform .25s,background .15s;box-shadow:0 4px 16px rgba(0,142,214,.35);}\n.jsu-btt.is-visible{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(0);}\n.jsu-btt:hover{background:#007ABB;}\n.jsu-btt:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #5BAADC;outline-offset:3px;}\n.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;color:#1C2430;background:#FFFFFF;}\n.resource-list{display:grid;gap:.75rem;}\n.resource-item{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:1rem;padding:1rem 1.25rem;background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid #C2D4E6;border-radius:8px;transition:border-color .2s;}\n.resource-item:hover{border-color:#008ED6;}\n.resource-icon{font-size:1.5rem;flex-shrink:0;}\n.resource-item__name{font-family:var(--fh);font-weight:600;font-size:.92rem;color:#002147;}\n.resource-item__desc{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:.9rem;color:#636B78;}\n.resource-item__link{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.8rem;font-weight:600;color:#00629A;text-decoration:underline;margin-left:auto;white-space:nowrap;flex-shrink:0;}\n@media(max-width:900px){.about-grid,.contact-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}.footer__grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;}.hero__inner{grid-template-columns:1fr;}.hero__stat-band{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;min-width:0;}}\n@media(max-width:600px){.footer__grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}.cta-band__inner{flex-direction:column;}}\n\n .contact-items{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:2.5rem;margin-top:0;}\n .contact-item{display:flex;gap:.85rem;align-items:flex-start;min-width:220px;}\n .contact-icon{font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1;margin-top:.1rem;flex-shrink:0;}\n .contact-item__label{font-family:var(--fh);font-size:.75rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#636B78;margin-bottom:.15rem;}\n .contact-item__val{font-family:var(--fb);font-size:1rem;color:#1C2430;}\n .contact-item__val a{color:#00629A;text-decoration:underline;}\n\n\/* \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n ELEMENTOR CONTAINMENT RESETS\n Prevents Elementor wrapper styles from bleeding into our\n custom HTML content blocks.\n\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n\n\/* Zero out all padding\/margin\/gap\/background on every Elementor wrapper *\/\n.elementor-widget-container,\n.elementor-widget-wrap,\n.elementor-widget-wrap > .elementor-element,\n.elementor-section .elementor-container,\n.elementor-section .elementor-row,\n.e-con,\n.e-con-inner,\n.e-child,\n.e-con > .e-con-inner {\n padding: 0 !important;\n margin: 0 !important;\n gap: 0 !important;\n background: transparent !important;\n background-color: transparent !important;\n background-image: none !important;\n border: none !important;\n box-shadow: none !important;\n max-width: none !important;\n width: 100% !important;\n}\n\n\/* Section-level Elementor wrappers *\/\n.elementor-section,\n.elementor-top-section,\n.elementor-inner-section {\n padding: 0 !important;\n margin: 0 !important;\n background: transparent !important;\n background-color: transparent !important;\n background-image: none !important;\n}\n\n\/* Strip Elementor heading color overrides *\/\n.elementor-widget-container h1,\n.elementor-widget-container h2,\n.elementor-widget-container h3,\n.elementor-widget-container h4,\n.elementor-widget-container h5,\n.elementor-widget-container p,\n.elementor-widget-container a {\n color: inherit !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Dark section hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n .hero and .cta-band.dk MUST stay dark regardless of\n Elementor theme color injection.\n\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.hero,\n.hero * {\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.hero__inner {\n justify-items: center !important;\n text-align: center !important;\n}\n.hero__inner > div {\n display: flex !important;\n flex-direction: column !important;\n align-items: center !important;\n text-align: center !important;\n max-width: 780px !important;\n margin: 0 auto !important;\n}\n.hero__btns {\n justify-content: center !important;\n}\n.hero__desc {\n max-width: 640px !important;\n margin-left: auto !important;\n margin-right: auto !important;\n}\n.hero__tag {\n display: inline-block !important;\n}\n.hero {\n background-color: #00152E !important;\n background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #00152E 0%, #002147 60%, #003366 100%) !important;\n position: relative !important;\n}\n.cta-band.dk {\n background-color: #002147 !important;\n background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #00152E 0%, #002147 100%) !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.cta-band.dk * {\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.cta-band.dk .btn--primary {\n background-color: #00659E !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.cta-band.dk .btn--outline-white {\n border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6) !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Section background hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.sec {\n background-color: #FFFFFF !important;\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n.sec--off {\n background-color: #F3F7FB !important;\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n.sec--surface {\n background-color: #E6EEF6 !important;\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Text color hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.sec .sec-title,\n.sec .sec-eyebrow,\n.sec h2,\n.sec h3 {\n color: #002147 !important;\n}\n.sec p,\n.sec li,\n.sec dd,\n.sec dt {\n color: #4A5060 !important;\n}\n.sec a {\n color: #00629A !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 About section hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.about-facts {\n background: #E6EEF6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n padding: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.5rem) !important;\n}\n.about-facts__title {\n color: #00629A !important;\n font-weight: 700 !important;\n}\n.about-facts dl dt {\n color: #636B78 !important;\n text-transform: uppercase !important;\n font-size: .72rem !important;\n letter-spacing: .08em !important;\n font-weight: 700 !important;\n}\n.about-facts dl dd {\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n font-size: .97rem !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Card hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.card {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n}\n.card__eyebrow { color: #00629A !important; }\n.card__title { color: #002147 !important; }\n.card__text { color: #4A5060 !important; }\n.card__link { color: #00629A !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Faculty card hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.faculty-card {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n}\n.faculty-card__name { color: #002147 !important; }\n.faculty-card__title { color: #636B78 !important; }\n.faculty-card__contact, \n.faculty-card__contact a { color: #00629A !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Resource list hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.resource-item {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-bottom-color: #C2D4E6 !important;\n}\n.resource-item__name { color: #002147 !important; }\n.resource-item__desc { color: #4A5060 !important; }\n.resource-item__link { color: #00629A !important; border-color: #00629A !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Program card hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.program-card {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n.program-card__name { color: #002147 !important; }\n.program-card__level { color: #636B78 !important; }\n.program-card__dot { background: #008ED6 !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Tab hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.tabs__btn {\n background: transparent !important;\n color: #002147 !important;\n border-color: #C2D4E6 !important;\n}\n.tabs__btn[aria-selected=\"true\"] {\n background: #002147 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n border-color: #002147 !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Accordion hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.accordion__trigger {\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n color: #002147 !important;\n border-color: #C2D4E6 !important;\n}\n.accordion__trigger[aria-expanded=\"true\"] {\n background: #002147 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.accordion__body { \n background: #FFFFFF !important; \n color: #4A5060 !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Nav drawer hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.fnav-drawer {\n background: #002147 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.fnav-drawer__header {\n background: #00152E !important;\n border-bottom-color: rgba(0,142,214,0.3) !important;\n}\n.fnav-drawer__title { color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.fnav-drawer__eyebrow { color: #3DB4F0 !important; }\n.fnav-item { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85) !important; }\n.fnav-item.is-active,\n.fnav-item:hover { color: #FFFFFF !important; background: rgba(0,142,214,0.2) !important; }\n.fnav-group__label { color: #3DB4F0 !important; }\n.fnav-drawer__footer { color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.fnav-footer-link { color: #FFFFFF !important; text-decoration: none; }\n.fnav-footer-link:hover { color: #3DB4F0 !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Hero text hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.hero__tag { color: #3DB4F0 !important; }\n.hero__title { color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.hero__desc { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85) !important; }\n.hero__btns .btn--primary { background-color: #00659E !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.hero__btns .btn--outline-white { border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6) !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Breadcrumb hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.breadcrumb { background: #002147 !important; }\n.breadcrumb a, .breadcrumb span { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75) !important; }\n.breadcrumb [aria-current=\"page\"] { color: #FFFFFF !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Contact section hardening \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.contact-items { color: #1C2430 !important; }\n.contact-item__label { color: #636B78 !important; }\n.contact-item__val { color: #1C2430 !important; }\n.contact-item__val a { color: #00629A !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Skip link \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.skip-link:focus {\n background: #008ED6 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 BTT button \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.jsu-btt {\n background: #00659E !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Menu toggle \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.fnav-toggle {\n background: #002147 !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n.fnav-toggle:hover { background: #007ABB !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 WCAG: Ensure minimum contrast on all body text \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\nbody { \n background-color: #FFFFFF !important; \n color: #1C2430 !important;\n}\n\n\n\/* \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 TICKER STRIP \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n.ticker-wrap{\n background:#00152E;\n border-top:1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.25);\n border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.25);\n overflow:hidden;\n padding:.55rem 0;\n position:relative;\n}\n.ticker-wrap::before,\n.ticker-wrap::after{\n content:'';\n position:absolute;\n top:0;bottom:0;\n width:80px;\n z-index:2;\n pointer-events:none;\n}\n.ticker-wrap::before{\n left:0;\n background:linear-gradient(to right,#00152E,transparent);\n}\n.ticker-wrap::after{\n right:0;\n background:linear-gradient(to left,#00152E,transparent);\n}\n.ticker-label{\n position:absolute;\n left:0;top:50%;\n transform:translateY(-50%);\n background:#008ED6;\n color:#FFFFFF;\n font-family:var(--fh);\n font-size:.65rem;\n font-weight:700;\n letter-spacing:.12em;\n text-transform:uppercase;\n padding:.35rem .75rem;\n z-index:3;\n white-space:nowrap;\n}\n.ticker-track{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:0;\n width:max-content;\n animation:ticker-scroll 40s linear infinite;\n padding-left:160px;\n}\n.ticker-track:hover{animation-play-state:paused;}\n.ticker-item{\n display:inline-flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:.5rem;\n white-space:nowrap;\n padding:0 1.5rem;\n font-family:var(--fh);\n font-size:.78rem;\n font-weight:500;\n color:rgba(255,255,255,.75);\n transition:color .2s;\n text-decoration:none;\n}\n.ticker-item:hover{color:#3DB4F0;}\n.ticker-item::before{\n content:'';\n display:inline-block;\n width:4px;height:4px;\n border-radius:50%;\n background:#008ED6;\n flex-shrink:0;\n}\n@keyframes ticker-scroll{\n 0%{transform:translateX(0);}\n 100%{transform:translateX(-50%);}\n}\n@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){\n .ticker-track{animation:none;overflow-x:auto;}\n}\n\/* \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 HERO CENTERING \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n.hero__inner{\n justify-items:center;\n text-align:center;\n}\n.hero__inner > div{\n display:flex;\n flex-direction:column;\n align-items:center;\n text-align:center;\n max-width:780px;\n margin:0 auto;\n}\n.hero__desc{\n max-width:640px;\n margin-left:auto;\n margin-right:auto;\n}\n.hero__btns{\n justify-content:center;\n}\n\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Visually hidden elements \u2014 explicit colors for accessibility checkers \u2500\u2500 *\/\n.sr-only,\n.visually-hidden {\n color: #1C2430 !important;\n background-color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Screen-reader-only toggle label \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.fnav-toggle__label {\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Skip link always has explicit colors \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.skip-link {\n background-color: #00659E !important;\n color: #FFFFFF !important;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Breadcrumb: sit flush below global header \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\nbody {\n padding-top: 65px !important;\n background-color: #002147 !important;\n}\n.breadcrumb {\n margin-top: 0 !important;\n scroll-margin-top: 65px !important;\n}\n#main-content {\n scroll-margin-top: 65px !important;\n}\n.admin-bar body { padding-top: 97px !important; }\n.admin-bar .breadcrumb { scroll-margin-top: 97px !important; }\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Hero: full viewport height \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.hero {\n min-height: 100vh !important;\n height: 100vh !important;\n display: flex !important;\n align-items: center !important;\n justify-content: center !important;\n padding: 0 !important;\n position: relative !important;\n}\n.hero__inner {\n justify-items: center !important;\n text-align: center !important;\n padding: clamp(2rem, 4vh, 5rem) 0 !important;\n width: 100% !important;\n}\n\n\n\/* \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n JSU GLOBAL NAVIGATION \u2014 matches jsums.edu exactly\n\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n.jsu-global-nav {\n position: fixed;\n top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;\n z-index: 1000;\n background: #002147;\n box-shadow: 0 2px 16px rgba(0,0,0,.35);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__top {\n background: 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background: #00659E;\n color: #FFFFFF;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--apply:hover { background: #007ABB; }\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--visit {\n background: transparent;\n color: rgba(255,255,255,.8);\n border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--visit:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); color: #FFFFFF; }\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--give {\n background: #3DB4F0;\n color: #002147;\n font-weight: 800;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__cta--give:hover { background: #6DC8F5; }\n\n.jsu-global-nav__main {\n max-width: 1340px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n padding: 0 clamp(1.25rem,4vw,3rem);\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: space-between;\n height: 64px;\n gap: 1.5rem;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__logo {\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: .65rem;\n text-decoration: none;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__logo-mark {\n width: 44px;\n height: 44px;\n border-radius: 6px;\n background: #FFFFFF;\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n 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border-radius: 6px;\n background: none;\n border: none;\n cursor: pointer;\n transition: color .15s, background .15s;\n white-space: nowrap;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > a:hover,\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > button:hover {\n color: #FFFFFF;\n background: rgba(255,255,255,.08);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > a::after,\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li > button.has-sub::after {\n content: '';\n display: inline-block;\n width: 0; height: 0;\n border-left: 4px solid transparent;\n border-right: 4px solid transparent;\n border-top: 4px solid currentColor;\n opacity: .6;\n margin-left: .2rem;\n transition: transform .2s;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li:hover > button.has-sub::after,\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li:focus-within > button.has-sub::after {\n transform: rotate(180deg);\n}\n\n\/* Dropdowns *\/\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown {\n position: absolute;\n top: calc(100% + 4px);\n left: 0;\n min-width: 220px;\n background: #001736;\n border: 1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.25);\n border-radius: 8px;\n box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.4);\n padding: .5rem 0;\n opacity: 0;\n visibility: hidden;\n transform: translateY(-8px);\n transition: opacity .2s, visibility .2s, transform .2s;\n z-index: 100;\n list-style: none;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li:hover .jsu-global-nav__dropdown,\n.jsu-global-nav__menu > li:focus-within .jsu-global-nav__dropdown {\n opacity: 1;\n visibility: visible;\n transform: translateY(0);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown a {\n display: block;\n padding: .5rem 1.1rem;\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .82rem;\n font-weight: 500;\n color: rgba(255,255,255,.8);\n text-decoration: none;\n transition: color .15s, background .15s;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown a:hover {\n color: #FFFFFF;\n background: rgba(0,142,214,.15);\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown .drop-group-label {\n display: block;\n padding: .65rem 1.1rem .25rem;\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .65rem;\n font-weight: 700;\n letter-spacing: .12em;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n color: #3DB4F0;\n border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,142,214,.2);\n margin-top: .35rem;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__dropdown .drop-group-label:first-child {\n border-top: none;\n margin-top: 0;\n}\n\n\/* Mobile menu toggle *\/\n.jsu-global-nav__mob-btn {\n display: none;\n background: none;\n border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3);\n border-radius: 6px;\n color: #FFFFFF;\n padding: .45rem .65rem;\n cursor: pointer;\n font-size: 1.15rem;\n line-height: 1;\n transition: background .15s;\n}\n.jsu-global-nav__mob-btn:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.1); }\n\n\/* Page body offset for fixed nav *\/\nbody { padding-top: 0 !important; }\n.breadcrumb {\n margin-top: 104px !important; }\n.admin-bar .breadcrumb {\n margin-top: 136px !important; }\n#main-content { scroll-margin-top: 104px !important; }\n\n\/* Sections scroll past nav *\/\n[id] { scroll-margin-top: 104px; }\n\n@media(max-width: 1024px) {\n .jsu-global-nav__menu { display: none; }\n .jsu-global-nav__mob-btn { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }\n}\n@media(max-width: 600px) {\n .jsu-global-nav__logo-text { display: none; }\n}\n\n\n\/* \u2550\u2550 PDF \/ Document Inline Viewer \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 *\/\n.doc-embed-wrap {\n margin: 1.25rem 0;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6;\n border-radius: 10px;\n overflow: hidden;\n background: #F3F7FB;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar {\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: space-between;\n padding: .6rem 1rem;\n background: #002147;\n gap: .75rem;\n flex-wrap: wrap;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__title {\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .82rem;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: #FFFFFF;\n flex: 1;\n min-width: 0;\n white-space: nowrap;\n overflow: hidden;\n text-overflow: ellipsis;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__actions {\n display: flex;\n gap: .4rem;\n flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn {\n font-family: var(--fh);\n font-size: .72rem;\n font-weight: 700;\n letter-spacing: .04em;\n padding: .3rem .75rem;\n border-radius: 5px;\n text-decoration: none;\n transition: background .15s, color .15s;\n white-space: nowrap;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn--view {\n background: #00659E;\n color: #FFFFFF;\n border: 1px solid #008ED6;\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn--view:hover { background: #007ABB; }\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn--dl {\n background: rgba(255,255,255,.12);\n color: rgba(255,255,255,.9);\n border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25);\n}\n.doc-embed-toolbar__btn--dl:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.2); color: #FFFFFF; }\n.doc-embed-frame {\n width: 100%;\n height: 560px;\n border: none;\n display: block;\n background: #FFFFFF;\n}\n@media(max-width:600px){ .doc-embed-frame { height: 380px; } }\n\n\n.pdf-embed-wrap{border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 2px 16px rgba(0,21,46,.1);margin:1.5rem 0;}\n.pdf-embed-header{background:#002147;padding:.75rem 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All hex literal. No CSS variables. \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.cards-grid {\n display: grid !important;\n grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)) !important;\n gap: 1.25rem !important;\n align-items: stretch !important;\n}\n.card {\n display: flex !important; flex-direction: column !important;\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-top: 3px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 8px !important;\n overflow: hidden !important;\n transition: border-color .2s, box-shadow .2s, transform .2s !important;\n}\n.card:hover {\n border-top-color: #008ED6 !important;\n box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,33,71,.09) !important;\n transform: translateY(-2px) !important;\n}\n.card__body { display: flex !important; flex-direction: column !important;\n flex: 1 1 auto !important; padding: 1.65rem 1.6rem 1.75rem !important; }\n.card__eyebrow {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: .7rem !important; font-weight: 700 !important;\n letter-spacing: .1em !important; text-transform: uppercase !important;\n line-height: 1.4 !important; color: #00629A !important; margin: 0 0 .7rem !important;\n}\n.card__title {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: 1.08rem !important; font-weight: 700 !important;\n line-height: 1.35 !important; color: #002147 !important; margin: 0 0 .65rem !important;\n}\n.card__text {\n font-family: 'Crimson Pro', Georgia, serif !important;\n font-size: 1rem !important; line-height: 1.65 !important;\n color: #4A5060 !important; margin: 0 !important;\n}\n.card__link {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: .8rem !important; font-weight: 600 !important;\n color: #00629A !important; text-decoration: underline !important;\n text-underline-offset: 3px !important; align-self: flex-start !important;\n margin-top: auto !important; padding-top: 1.15rem !important;\n}\n.card__link:hover { color: #002147 !important; }\n.about-body p a { color: #00629A !important; text-decoration: underline !important; text-underline-offset: 2px !important; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 Course catalogue list \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 *\/\n.course-list { list-style: none !important; padding: 0 !important; margin: 0 !important;\n display: grid !important; gap: 1rem !important; }\n.course {\n padding: 1.35rem 1.5rem 1.45rem !important;\n background: #FFFFFF !important;\n border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-left: 3px solid #008ED6 !important;\n border-radius: 6px !important;\n}\n.course__code {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: 1rem !important; font-weight: 700 !important;\n color: #002147 !important; line-height: 1.35 !important; margin: 0 0 .35rem !important;\n}\n.course__meta {\n font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important;\n font-size: .76rem !important; font-weight: 600 !important;\n letter-spacing: .03em !important; color: #636B78 !important;\n margin: 0 0 .7rem !important; line-height: 1.6 !important;\n}\n.course__desc {\n font-family: 'Crimson Pro', Georgia, serif !important;\n font-size: 1rem !important; line-height: 1.65 !important;\n color: #4A5060 !important; margin: 0 !important;\n}\n\n\/* Photo figure *\/\n.photo-fig { margin: 0 !important; border: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important;\n border-radius: 14px !important; overflow: hidden !important; background: #FFFFFF !important; }\n.photo-fig img { width: 100% !important; height: auto !important; display: block !important; }\n.photo-cap { font-family: 'Sora', sans-serif !important; font-size: .8rem !important;\n color: #636B78 !important; padding: .75rem 1rem !important;\n background: #F3F7FB !important; border-top: 1px solid #C2D4E6 !important; }\n\n@media (max-width: 640px) {\n .cards-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr !important; }\n .card__body { padding: 1.35rem 1.3rem 1.45rem !important; }\n .course { padding: 1.15rem 1.2rem 1.25rem !important; }\n}\n<\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<a href=\"#main-content\" class=\"skip-link\">Skip to main content<\/a>\n\n<nav class=\"breadcrumb\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">\n<div class=\"w\"><ol class=\"breadcrumb__list\">\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/\">JSU Home<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/business\">College of Business<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/\">Business Graduate Program<\/a><\/li>\n <li><span aria-current=\"page\">MBA & MPA Course Descriptions<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/nav>\n\n<main id=\"main-content\" class=\"jsu-main-content\">\n\n \n <section class=\"hero dk\" aria-labelledby=\"hero-h\">\n <div class=\"w\"><div class=\"hero__inner\"><div>\n <span class=\"hero__tag\">BUSINESS GRADUATE PROGRAMS — COLLEGE OF BUSINESS<\/span>\n <h1 class=\"hero__title\" id=\"hero-h\">\n MBA & MPA Course <em>Descriptions<\/em>\n <\/h1>\n <p class=\"hero__desc\">\n Graduate course descriptions in accounting, economics, finance, marketing and management\n for the MBA and MPA programs.\n <\/p>\n <div class=\"hero__btns\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/apply\/\" class=\"btn btn--primary\">Apply<\/a>\n <a href=\"#contact\" class=\"btn btn--outline-white\">Contact Us<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec\" id=\"overview\" aria-labelledby=\"overview-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"about-grid\">\n <div class=\"about-body\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">Business Graduate Program<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"overview-h\">MBA & MPA Course Descriptions<\/h2>\n <p>\n The Business Graduate Programs unit administers all graduate degree programs offered by\n the College of Business: the Master of Business Administration (MBA), the MBA On-line,\n the Master of Professional Accountancy (MPA), the MPA Online, and the Ph.D. Program in\n Business, Accounting, Economics, and Management.\n <\/p>\n <p>\n Course descriptions below are grouped by discipline: accounting, economics, finance,\n marketing and management.\n <\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"about-facts\">\n <dl>\n <div><dt>Programs<\/dt><dd>MBA, MBA On-line, MPA, MPA Online, Ph.D. in Business<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Disciplines<\/dt><dd>Accounting, Economics, Finance, Marketing, Management<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Courses Listed<\/dt><dd>40<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Credit Hours<\/dt><dd>3 hours per course<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Director<\/dt><dd>Dr. Mark Morgan<\/dd><\/div>\n <div><dt>Program Coordinator<\/dt><dd>Ms. Deborah Haymon<\/dd><\/div>\n <\/dl>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec sec--off\" id=\"accounting\" aria-labelledby=\"accounting-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"accounting-h\">Accounting<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">12 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 536: Advanced and International Accounting<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 315.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of advanced accounting issues concerning partnerships, consolidations, international operations, and International Financial Reporting Standards. Not open to those who completed ACC 436 at the undergraduate level.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 540: Advanced Managerial Accounting<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of managerial uses of accounting information and trends in internal accounting functions.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 541: Advanced Accounting Theory<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 315.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A brief historical development of accounting thought followed by an intensive investigation of the theoretical framework on which accounting principles and procedures rest.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 545: Financial Statement Analysis<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course offers a study of the tools and techniques utilized to analyze financial positions, results of operations, and cash flows as reported in corporate annual reports.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 557: Seminar in Attestation<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 315, 455.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study and refinement of generally accepted auditing standards, procedures and extension of auditing procedures; study of special investigations and audit reports; review of recent auditing trends, research, and pronouncements.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 561: CPA Review<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 315.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Review of selected topics as tested on the Uniform CPA Examination.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 565: Seminar in Governmental and Not for Profit Accounting<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A study of generally accepted accounting principles of state and local governments and selected nonprofit entities with an emphasis on current developments in these areas.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 573: Advanced Income Tax Accounting<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 423<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of federal and state income tax laws for fiduciaries, partnerships, and corporations utilizing modern research technology. Not open to those who completed ACC 473 at the undergraduate level.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 575: Research in Taxation<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 423.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of selected tax issues and the application of tax research methodology. Topics include the tax research environment, primary and secondary sources of federal tax law, and implementing tax research tools.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 581: Special Topics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212, and consent of the Instructor.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Directed study of contemporary topics in accounting practice.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 583: Seminar in International Accountancy<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ACC 211, 212.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course offers a study of GAAP, GAAS and professional accountancy in a global contest. Topics include diversity in reporting practices, International Financial Reporting Standards, and emerging issues.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ACC 592: Accounting Information Systems<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: ACC 314.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of theory and practice as applied to accounting information systems. The course examines the process for purchasing or designing accounting systems and a variety of topics dealing with the role of technology in building, implementing, controlling, and auditing accounting information systems. A secondary goal of the course is to help students become more comfortable using computer-based tools including e-mail, accounting software and the World Wide Web. Not open to those who completed ACC 492 at the undergraduate level.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec\" id=\"economics\" aria-labelledby=\"economics-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"economics-h\">Economics<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">12 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 500: Environmental Economics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course is concerned with a theoretical framework for the analysis of environmental problems, including concepts of market failure and externalities, materials balance and property rights. The policy implications of this analytical model are explored for a range of topics including pollution and the preservation of natural environmental species. It also explores the effects of economic growth on the environment to include the interrelationships between the economics activity and the environment. Cost benefit analysis, and the application of the economic theory of external economies and diseconomies and welfare economics are applied to problems of the physical and socioeconomic environment.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 511 Macroeconomic Theory<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Macroeconomic concepts relating to the theory of income and employment. Analysis of changes in the level of economic activity, economic growth and inflation.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 512 Microeconomic Theory<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Detailed analysis of traditional microeconomic theory, including consumer behavior theories, theories of production, cost curves, market structure and factor price determination.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 514 Manpower Problems<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">The development of the economic conditions which prevent different groups of people from acquiring marketable skills. The impact of the people from acquiring marketable skills. The impact of the unemployables on the free enterprise system and a survey of federal legislation designed to eliminate the economic conditions which prevent these groups of people from entering the labor markets.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 516 History of Economic Thought<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Development of the analytical tools and concepts which comprise economic theory with special emphasis on the contributions of the classical economists, Marginalists, Neoclassicists, Institutionalist and Keynes.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 530 Managerial Economics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Economic tools of analysis in the operation of a business; applied microeconomic, to solve selected business problems and to aid decision making in business problems and to aid decision making in business firms and other organizations.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 540 Monetary Theory<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">An examination of monetary theories. A discussion of the quantity theory, the demand for money, the velocity of money, interest rate theory, and the flow of money among the various sectors of the economy.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 541 Monetary Policy<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A detailed analysis of neoclassical theories of central banking, debt management, and financial intermediaries and their impact on the level of employment, prices and economic growth. The development of appropriate monetary policy over the course of the business cycles. A discussion of current issues concerning monetary policy.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 544 Public Finance<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">An economic analysis of government expenditures and receipts; the pricing of government services to the public. The economic impact of government expenditures and taxation on the level of income, employment, economic growth and the allocation of scarce resources.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 546 International Economics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A development of the classical, neoclassical and modern theories of international trade and the economic benefits derived. The impact of international trade on the economics of the world and the formulation of the appropriate international trade policy.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 556 Urban Economics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A detailed economic analysis of the major economic problems facing the government of our central cities, such as, transportation, the flight to the suburbs by high income groups, education, housing, and taxation. A survey of the different theories and ideologies on the part of economists, government officials, business leaders, and politician as to how the problems of our cities can best be solved.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">ECO 570 Economics Seminar<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: ECO 211, 212<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Guided individual research in current economic problems, including research methodology.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec sec--off\" id=\"finance\" aria-labelledby=\"finance-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"finance-h\">Finance<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">4 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">FIN 503 Environmental Concepts in Business Administration<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours) Pre-requisites: FNGB 201, 302, MNGT 330 or equivalent<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">An analysis of environmental factors relating to the business organization including labor, government, public ethics, and international forces.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">FIN 504 Legal Environment of Business<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours) Pre-requisites : FNGB 201 and\/or 302 or equivalent<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">The operation of the business organization in studies relative to the legal aspects of its operational environment.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">FIN 515 Managerial Finance<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: FNGB 320 or equivalent<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">A study of capital budgeting techniques, methods of determining a firm’s cost of capital, valuing stocks and bonds, and international finance.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">FIN 561 Seminar in Business Administration and Research Project<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: 18 hours of MBA course work.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Requirement: Supervised individual research relative to the student’s research project required for completion of the degree program.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec\" id=\"marketing\" aria-labelledby=\"marketing-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"marketing-h\">Marketing<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">6 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 530 Managerial Marketing<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisites: MKT 351, ECO 357,358, ACC 211, and 212, and ECO 211, 212 or equivalent.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Integration of the concepts of marketing with decision-making relative to marketing management situations.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 531 Special Problems in Marketing<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530 or equivalent.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Advanced study of marketing theories with emphasis upon quantitative techniques applied to marketing problems.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 532 Advertising<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Is an advanced advertising coursed in the Field of Marketing. This course is designed to introduce the student to the advertising decision areas: Advertising Objectives, Advertising Copy and Design, Advertising Media, Media Vehicles and Schedules, Advertising Budget and Advertising Campaigns.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 538 Marketing Research<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of Scientific Methodology and major techniques used to design, collect and analyze research data pertaining to marketing problems. Students are responsible for designing a marketing research project, developing a questionnaire, collecting data, computer analyzing the data, via cross tabulating and other univariate and multivariate techniques, and preparation of a final report. Students will also be responsible for evaluating and assessing current published marketing research projects.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 540 Consumer Behavior<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course is designed to introduce the student to “The State of the Art” in buyer research and theory. Contemporary issues such as Consumerism (E. G. Consumer Behavior, Regulation and Consumer Liabilities, redress, etc); Black Buyer Behavior; Regulation and Consumer Behavior; and Consumer Thought Processes (e.g, perceptions, attitudes, cognitions, conations, opinions, interest, intentions and pre and post purchase behaviors) will be the major focal areas for this course.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MKT 566 International Marketing<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MKT 530<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of the similarities and differences between domestic marketing and international marketing, an examination of strategic international marketing for developing a complete marketing plan for a product and a country of their choice.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec sec--off\" id=\"management\" aria-labelledby=\"management-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">MBA\/MPA Program — Description of Courses<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"management-h\">Management<\/h2>\n <p class=\"sec-body\">6 courses<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"course-list\">\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 502 Human Relations and Organizational Behavior<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours); Pre-requisite: MNGT 330 or equivalent.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of organizational theory, group behavior, motivation, and systems applications to organizational management.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 511 Computer Applications in Management<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours)<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Survey of the use of the computer as a tool for decision making, communication, and research. This course will include the use of the computer as a support for all business activities: word processing, database, spreadsheet, graphics, electronic mail, Internet, World Wide Web, and Internet.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 516 Statistics for Business Decisions<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours) Pre-requisites: MATH 221 and ECO 359 or equivalent.<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Study of data collection, presentation, and analysis including interval estimation, hypothesis testing, Bayesian analysis, regression, and correction techniques.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 520 Advanced Production Management<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours)<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">Planning, organizing, and controlling production with emphasis upon contemporary quantitative techniques and their applications.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 555 Business and Ethics<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours)<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">The task of business ethics in the systematic study of ethical values that ought to guide human conduct; the study of what constitutes the obligations and responsibilities of agents and institutions; the examination of predictable outcomes in human costs and benefits; the study of character traits or dispositions-all in the interest of promoting human welfare.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"course\">\n <h3 class=\"course__code\">MNGT 560 Business Policy<\/h3>\n <p class=\"course__meta\">(3 Hours)<\/p>\n <p class=\"course__desc\">This course is to be taken after the student has completed at least 18 hours in the MBA Program. Business Policy is an interdisciplinary capstone courses which focuses on all aspects of business.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec\" id=\"resources\" aria-labelledby=\"resources-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">Resources<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"resources-h\">Curriculum and admissions<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-list\">\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📚<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">MBA Curriculum<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">Degree requirements for the MBA.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/mba-curriculum-2\/\" class=\"resource-item__link\">View →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📚<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">MPA Curriculum<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">Degree requirements for the Master of Professional Accountancy.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/mpa-curriculum\/\" class=\"resource-item__link\">View →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">🎓<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">Doctoral<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">Ph.D. Program in Business, Accounting, Economics, and Management.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/\" class=\"resource-item__link\">View →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">🏫<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">Graduate Studies<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">The Division of Graduate Studies at JSU.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/graduateschool\" class=\"resource-item__link\">Visit →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📜<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">Graduate Catalog<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">The official university graduate catalog.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/graduateschool\/graduate-catalog\/\" class=\"resource-item__link\">Open →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"resource-item\">\n <div class=\"resource-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📍<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__name\">Visit<\/div>\n <div class=\"resource-item__desc\">Schedule a campus tour.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/futuretiger.jsums.edu\/tourpicker.asp\" class=\"resource-item__link\">Book →<\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"cta-band dk\" aria-labelledby=\"cta-h\">\n <div class=\"w\"><div class=\"cta-band__inner\">\n <div>\n <h2 class=\"cta-band__title\" id=\"cta-h\">Ready to join?<\/h2>\n <p class=\"cta-band__sub\">For more information, please contact us at (601) 979- 1210. We look forward to meeting with you and seeing how our program can help you achieve your goals.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"cta-band__btns\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/apply\/\" class=\"btn btn--primary\">Apply<\/a>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/futuretiger.jsums.edu\/tourpicker.asp\" class=\"btn btn--outline-white\">Visit<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div><\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"sec sec--surface\" id=\"contact\" aria-labelledby=\"contact-h\">\n <div class=\"w\">\n <div class=\"sec-head\" style=\"margin-bottom:1.5rem;\">\n <span class=\"sec-eyebrow\">Get in Touch<\/span>\n <h2 class=\"sec-title\" id=\"contact-h\">Business Graduate Programs<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-items\">\n <div class=\"contact-item\">\n <div class=\"contact-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📍<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__label\">Location<\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__val\">\n Business Graduate Programs<br>\n College of Business<br>\n Suite 531, 3rd Floor<br>\n 1400 J. R. Lynch Street<br>\n P. O. Box 17067<br>\n Jackson, MS 39217\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item\">\n <div class=\"contact-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">👤<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__label\">Director<\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__val\">\n Dr. Mark Morgan<br>\n <a href=\"tel:+16019794326\">601-979-4326<\/a><br>\n <a href=\"mailto:mark.i.morgan@jsums.edu\">mark.i.morgan@jsums.edu<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item\">\n <div class=\"contact-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">👤<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__label\">Program Coordinator<\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__val\">\n Ms. Deborah Haymon<br>\n <a href=\"tel:+16019791210\">601-979-1210<\/a><br>\n <a href=\"mailto:deborah.haymon@jsums.edu\">deborah.haymon@jsums.edu<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item\">\n <div class=\"contact-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">📞<\/div>\n <div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__label\">Contact<\/div>\n <div class=\"contact-item__val\"><a href=\"tel:+16019791210\">(601) 979-1210<\/a><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <figure class=\"photo-fig\" style=\"margin-top:2.5rem;\">\n <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/files\/2022\/12\/pexels-anna-shvets-3727464-768x512.jpg\"\n alt=\"Graduate business students working together at Jackson State University.\"\n width=\"768\" height=\"512\" loading=\"lazy\" title=\"MBA & MPA Course Descriptions Business Graduate Program\">\n <figcaption class=\"photo-cap\">Business Graduate Programs, College of Business<\/figcaption>\n <\/figure>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n<\/main>\n\n\n<button class=\"fnav-toggle\"\n aria-label=\"Open page navigation menu\"\n aria-expanded=\"false\"\n aria-controls=\"fnav-drawer\"\n type=\"button\">\n <span class=\"fnav-toggle__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">☰<\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-toggle__label\">Menu<\/span>\n<\/button>\n\n<div class=\"fnav-overlay\" id=\"fnav-overlay\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n\n<nav class=\"fnav-drawer\" id=\"fnav-drawer\" aria-label=\"Page navigation\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n <div class=\"fnav-drawer__header\">\n <div>\n <span class=\"fnav-drawer__eyebrow\">College of Business<\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-drawer__title\">Business Graduate Program<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <button class=\"fnav-close\" aria-label=\"Close navigation menu\" type=\"button\">×<\/button>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"fnav-drawer__body\">\n <div class=\"fnav-group\">\n <ul class=\"fnav-group__items\" role=\"list\">\n <li>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Home<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/welcome\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Welcome<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">MBA & MPA Programs<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/mba-curriculum-2\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">MBA Curriculum<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/mpa-curriculum\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">MPA Curriculum<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-course-descriptions\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"page\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">MBA & MPA Course Descriptions<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/mba-mpa-programs\/pursuit-of-2nd-degree\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Pursuit of 2nd Degree<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Ph.D. Program in Business<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/graduate-business-core\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Graduate Business Core<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/doctoral-curriculum\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Doctoral Curriculum<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/2nd-doctoral-concentration\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">2nd Doctoral Concentration<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li style=\"padding-left:1.25rem;\">\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/ph-d-program-in-business\/masters-degree-to-doctoral-candidates\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Master’s Degree to Doctoral Candidates<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/businessgraduate\/deloitte-foundation-accounting-scholars-program-at-jackson-state-university\/\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">Deloitte Foundation Accounting Scholars Program<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jsums.edu\/business\" class=\"fnav-item\" aria-current=\"false\">\n <span class=\"fnav-item__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n <span class=\"fnav-item__text\">College of Business Home<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/li>\n\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n 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